US Voter Registration and Voting Requirements

Alabama AL

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✗ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Alabama does not offer early voting.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Alaska AK

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: ID requested but not strictly required; voters can sign a sworn statement
Early Voting: Early voting begins 15 days before election day at designated locations.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting. Any registered voter may request a mail ballot.

Full details →

Arizona AZ

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 29 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (two forms of non-photo ID also accepted)
Early Voting: Early voting begins 27 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting. Voters can join the Active Early Voting List (AEVL) to automatically receive a ballot each election.

Full details →

Arkansas AR

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Early voting begins 15 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required. No-excuse early in-person voting is available.

Full details →

California CA

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election (conditional registration available through election day)

ID to Vote: First-time voters who registered by mail without ID may need to show ID
Early Voting: Vote centers open up to 29 days before election day, depending on county.
Mail-In Voting: All registered voters automatically receive a mail ballot. No excuse required.

Full details →

Colorado CO

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 8 days before election (same-day registration available through election day)

ID to Vote: ID required for in-person voting; mail ballots verified by signature
Early Voting: All elections conducted primarily by mail. Ballot drop-offs and vote centers available starting 22 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: All-mail election state. Every registered voter automatically receives a mail ballot.

Full details →

Connecticut CT

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 18 days before election (same-day registration available on election day and during early voting)

ID to Vote: ID requested; voters without ID may sign an affidavit
Early Voting: Early voting available starting 14 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required. A constitutional amendment for no-excuse absentee voting was approved in 2024, but enabling legislation is pending.

Full details →

Delaware DE

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 24 days before election

ID to Vote: ID requested; voters without ID may sign an affidavit
Early Voting: Early voting available for 10 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required. In-person early voting is available without excuse. Constitutional amendments for no-excuse absentee voting have been re-introduced but not yet passed.

Full details →

Florida FL

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 29 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo and signature ID required
Early Voting: Early voting runs for at least 8 days, from 10 to 3 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting (vote-by-mail). Ballot requests valid for one election cycle.

Full details →

Georgia GA

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 29 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Mandatory early voting period of at least 17 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Hawaii HI

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: Same-day registration available through election day (paper registration deadline 10 days before)

ID to Vote: ID required for in-person voting; mail ballots verified by signature
Early Voting: All elections conducted primarily by mail. Voter service centers open 10 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: All-mail election state. Every registered voter automatically receives a mail ballot.

Full details →

Idaho ID

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 25 days before election (same-day registration available on election day)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required or signed affidavit with personal information
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at county clerk offices before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Illinois IL

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 28 days before election (grace period registration and same-day registration available)

ID to Vote: ID required for same-day registration; not required for regular voters
Early Voting: Early voting begins 40 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Indiana IN

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 29 days before election

ID to Vote: Strict photo ID required (government-issued). Note: University-issued student IDs are no longer accepted as voter ID per SB 10 (2025); this law is currently under federal litigation.
Early Voting: Early voting begins 28 days before election day at county election offices.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Iowa IA

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election (same-day registration available on election day)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Early voting begins 20 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Kansas KS

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: In-person advance voting begins 20 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse advance mail voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Kentucky KY

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 29 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (free voter ID available)
Early Voting: Three days of early voting before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Louisiana LA

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election (online: 20 days before)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Early voting runs from 14 to 7 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Maine ME

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: Same-day registration available through election day

ID to Vote: No ID required (first-time voters who registered by mail may need to show ID)
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at town clerk offices 30–45 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Maryland MD

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election (same-day registration available during early voting and on election day)

ID to Vote: No photo ID required for most voters; first-time voters who registered by mail may need ID
Early Voting: Early voting runs for 8 days, ending the Thursday before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Massachusetts MA

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 10 days before election

ID to Vote: ID not generally required; first-time voters who registered by mail may need ID
Early Voting: Early voting available for general elections, beginning at least 17 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Michigan MI

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election (same-day registration available through election day with proof of residency)

ID to Vote: Photo ID requested; voters without ID may sign an affidavit
Early Voting: 9 days of early voting before election day at designated early voting sites.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Minnesota MN

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election (same-day registration available on election day)

ID to Vote: ID required for election-day registration; registered voters not required to show ID
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available 46 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Mississippi MS

✗ Same-Day ✗ Online ✗ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: Mississippi does not offer early voting.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Missouri MO

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 27 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (Missouri or US government-issued)
Early Voting: No-excuse in-person absentee voting available two weeks before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required. No-excuse mail-in option available but ballot must be notarized.

Full details →

Montana MT

✓ Same-Day ✗ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election (late registration available through election day at county office)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (effective May 2025). Non-photo ID is no longer accepted.
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at county election offices before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting. Counties with fewer than 800 voters may conduct all-mail elections.

Full details →

Nebraska NE

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 18 days before election (11 days before for in-person registration)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: In-person early voting available at county election offices 30 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse early (absentee) voting by mail available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Nevada NV

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 28 days before election (same-day registration available through election day)

ID to Vote: ID not required for most voters; first-time voters who registered by mail without ID verification must show ID
Early Voting: Early voting begins 17 days before election day and ends 4 days before.
Mail-In Voting: All registered voters automatically receive a mail ballot. No excuse required.

Full details →

New Hampshire NH

✓ Same-Day ✗ Online ✗ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: Same-day registration available on election day

ID to Vote: Photo ID required. Voters without ID must retrieve it before voting; the challenged voter affidavit option was eliminated by HB 1569.
Early Voting: New Hampshire does not offer early voting.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

New Jersey NJ

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election

ID to Vote: ID not required for registered voters; first-time voters who registered by mail may need ID
Early Voting: In-person early voting available for 9 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

New Mexico NM

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 28 days before election (same-day registration available during early voting and on election day)

ID to Vote: ID or verbal/written statement of name, address, and birth year
Early Voting: Early voting begins 28 days before election day at county clerk offices.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

New York NY

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 10 days before election (in-person); mail registration must be postmarked 15 days before

ID to Vote: ID not generally required; first-time voters who registered by mail without ID verification must show ID
Early Voting: Early voting runs for 9 days, ending 2 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

North Carolina NC

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 25 days before election (same-day registration available during early voting)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: One-stop early voting begins 19 days before election, with same-day registration.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available by request.

Full details →

North Dakota ND

✗ Same-Day ✗ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: No registration required (ID needed at polls)

ID to Vote: Valid ID with name, address, and date of birth required
Early Voting: In-person early voting available at county auditor offices at least 15 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available. Application required.

Full details →

Ohio OH

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: In-person early voting begins 29 days before election day at county boards of elections.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting by mail available for all registered voters. Note: SB 293 (Dec 2025) eliminated the post-Election Day grace period — absentee ballots must now be received by close of polls on Election Day.

Full details →

Oklahoma OK

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 25 days before election

ID to Vote: Proof of identity required (voter registration card, government-issued photo ID, or other accepted documents)
Early Voting: In-person early voting available on Thursday and Friday before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Oregon OR

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election

ID to Vote: Signatures verified on mail ballots; no ID needed at drop sites
Early Voting: All elections conducted entirely by mail. Ballots mailed 14–18 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: All-mail election state. Every registered voter automatically receives a mail ballot.

Full details →

Pennsylvania PA

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✗ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election

ID to Vote: ID required for first-time voters at a new polling place; not required for subsequent visits
Early Voting: Pennsylvania does not offer traditional early voting. In-person mail ballot voting available at county election offices.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail-in voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Rhode Island RI

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (free voter ID available); voters without ID may cast provisional ballot
Early Voting: In-person early voting available at local boards of canvassers 20 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse mail ballot voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

South Carolina SC

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (free voter registration card with photo available)
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at county election offices two weeks before election.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

South Dakota SD

✗ Same-Day ✗ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 15 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (free voter ID available)
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at county auditor offices 46 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting by mail available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Tennessee TN

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (state or federal government-issued)
Early Voting: Early voting runs from 20 to 5 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Texas TX

✗ Same-Day ✗ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 30 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required (7 approved forms)
Early Voting: Early voting runs from 17 to 4 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required (age 65+, disability, absence from county, or confinement).

Full details →

Utah UT

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 11 days before election (same-day registration available through election day)

ID to Vote: Valid ID required (photo or non-photo with name and address)
Early Voting: All elections conducted primarily by mail. In-person voting available 14 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: All-mail election state. Every registered voter automatically receives a mail ballot. Under HB 300, universal vote-by-mail will be phased out by 2029; voters will need to opt in starting Jan 1, 2029.

Full details →

Vermont VT

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: Same-day registration available on election day (online/mail deadline: day before election)

ID to Vote: No ID required (first-time voters who registered by mail may be asked for ID)
Early Voting: In-person early voting available at town clerk offices 45 days before election. Ballots mailed to all registered voters.
Mail-In Voting: All registered voters automatically receive a mail ballot. No excuse required.

Full details →

Virginia VA

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 22 days before election (same-day provisional registration available through election day)

ID to Vote: Acceptable ID required (photo or non-photo); free voter ID available
Early Voting: In-person early voting available at registrar offices 45 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Washington WA

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 8 days before election (same-day registration available through election day in person)

ID to Vote: Signatures verified on mail ballots; no ID needed at ballot drop sites
Early Voting: All elections conducted by mail. Ballots mailed 18 days before election day.
Mail-In Voting: All-mail election state. Every registered voter automatically receives a mail ballot.

Full details →

West Virginia WV

✗ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✗ Excuse Required Mail-In

Deadline: 21 days before election

ID to Vote: Photo ID required per HB 3016 (effective July 11, 2025). Accepted: WV driver's license or state ID, U.S. passport, U.S. military photo ID, or tribal photo ID. Voters without photo ID may cast a provisional ballot.
Early Voting: Early voting begins 13 days before election and ends 3 days before.
Mail-In Voting: Absentee ballot available; excuse required.

Full details →

Wisconsin WI

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 20 days before election by mail (same-day registration available at polling place on election day)

ID to Vote: Photo ID required
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at municipal clerk offices up to 14 days before election.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting by mail available for all registered voters.

Full details →

Wyoming WY

✓ Same-Day ✗ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: 14 days before election (same-day registration available on election day)

ID to Vote: ID required (Wyoming DL, passport, military ID, or other government-issued ID)
Early Voting: In-person absentee voting available at county clerk offices before election day.
Mail-In Voting: No-excuse absentee voting available for all registered voters.

Full details →

District of Columbia DC

✓ Same-Day ✓ Online ✓ Early ✓ No-Excuse Mail-In

Deadline: Same-day registration available through election day

ID to Vote: ID not required for registered voters (first-time voters who registered by mail may need ID)
Early Voting: Early voting begins 8 days before election day at designated vote centers.
Mail-In Voting: All registered voters automatically receive a mail ballot. No excuse required.

Full details →